Chapter 28, part 3
The Reproductive System
SECTION 28-3 The Reproductive System of the Female
Principle organs of the female reproductive system
Ovaries
Uterine tubes
Uterus
Vagina
Support and stabilization
Ovaries, uterine tubes and uterus enclosed within broad ligament
Mesovarium supports and stabilizes ovary
Figure 28.13 The Female Reproductive System
The ovaries
Held in position by ovarian and suspensory ligaments
Blood vessels enter at ovarian hilus
Tunica albuginea covers ovary
Figure 28.14 The Ovaries and Their Relationships to the Uterine Tube and Uterus
Oogenesis
Ovum production
Occurs monthly in ovarian follicles
Part of ovarian cycle
Follicular phase (preovulatory)
Luteal phase (postovulatory)
Figure 28.15 Oogenesis
The ovarian cycle
Steps in the ovarian cycle
Formation of primary, secondary, and tertiary follicles
Ovulation
Formation and degeneration of the corpus luteum
Degradation of the corpus luteum
Figure 28.16 The Ovarian Cycle
Figure 28.16 The Ovarian Cycle
The Uterine tubes
Uterine tubes (Fallopian tubes or oviducts)
Infundibulum
End closest to the ovary with numerous fimbriae
Ampulla
The middle portion
Isthmus
A short segment connected to the uterine wall
Each uterine tube opens directly into uterine cavity
Fertilization occurs in uterine tube
12-24 hours after ovulation
During passage from infundibulum to uterus
Figure 28.17 The Uterine Tubes
The uterus
Muscular organ
Mechanical protection
Nutritional support
Waste removal for the developing embryo and fetus
Supported by the broad ligament and 3 pairs of suspensory ligaments
Uterus
Major anatomical landmarks
Body
Isthmus
Cervix
Cervical os (internal orifice)
Uterine cavity
Cervical canal
Internal os (internal orifice)
Uterine wall consists of three layers:
Myometrium – outer muscular layer
Endometrium – a thin, inner, glandular mucosa
Perimetrium – an incomplete serosa continuous with the peritoneum
Figure 28.18 The Uterus
Figure 28.18 The Uterus
Figure 28.19 The Uterine Wall
Figure 28.19 The Uterine Wall
